Category Archives: Import & Export Guides

Five suppliers, five prices, and none of them measure the same thing. How Bangladeshi importers normalise quotes by Incoterm, spec, tooling, MOQ and payment terms before comparing price.

Ordering one sample is not the same as approving production. The named samples every China order should pass through, and the paperwork that makes a later quality claim stick.

A practical guide to sea freight container types for Bangladeshi importers: dry vans, high cubes, open tops, flat racks, reefers and tanks, and when each is the right choice.

A cold room controller shows one point; a temperature mapping study shows the whole room. Here is how to run one — sensor grid, logging interval, empty and loaded, door and power challenges — how to read the results, and the WHO and PIC/S standards behind it.

Climacteric fruit like banana and mango is harvested green and ripened deliberately. A controlled ethylene chamber does it safely and evenly, controlling temperature, ethylene, humidity and air exchange. Here is how it works and why calcium carbide is banned.

The refrigerant named on your cold room quote decides efficiency, service availability and future gas cost. Here is what R404A, R134a, R449A/R448A, R290 and CO2 mean for a small buyer, why the Kigali phase-down matters, and what to specify in 2026.

Most post-harvest loss happens before produce reaches a cold store. Pre-cooling removes field heat fast, right after harvest. Here are room, forced-air, hydro, ice and vacuum cooling compared, target temperatures by crop, and how to build it into a Bangladeshi supply chain.

A telex release lets the carrier hand over your container without an original bill of lading, once the shipper surrenders the full set at origin. Here is how it works, when to use it, when not to accept it, and why it rarely applies under a letter of credit.

LCL and breakbulk freight is charged on the revenue ton: the greater of 1 cubic metre or 1,000 kg. Here is how the calculation works, why light and heavy cargo are billed differently, the 1 R/T minimum, and the destination charges that ride on the same unit.

A carrier-owned container comes with a detention clock; a shipper-owned or one-way-leased container does not. Here is how COC and SOC differ, when paying for an SOC is the cheaper option for a Bangladesh importer, and how to compare the two on total cost.